Flexible Multi-Functional Interior Focused on Modern Luxury

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The Opel Siderium Concept proposes a flexible multi-functional interior focused on modern luxury.



The Opel Siderium Concept proposes a flexible multi-functional interior focused on modern luxury. The authors are Vinicius Barbosa Crepaldi and Tiago Aiello Tomé De Souza from Brazilian UNESP. The Opel Siderium was the winner in the Best Conceptual Interior category at the Interior Motives Design Awards 2008. It was designed by Vinicius Barbosa Crepaldi and Tiago Aiello Tomé De Souza from UNESP – the Universidad Estadual Paulista, Brazil.

Aleratec Releases Flash Drive Duplicator

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Aleratec Releases Flash Drive Duplicator
 
Today Aleratec annouced the USB Copy Cruiser Mini for business professionals and users, a portable flash drive duplicator with a 10-slot capacity. The 10:1 Cruiser Mini works with a notebook so users can duplicate and share data from up to 10 thumb drives at once. Also included with the duplicator unit is the Aleratec USB Duplication Software Suite. The suite allows for the creation of a wizard to perform larger flash drive job functions such as "copy" and "format" between drives. It also has the ability to "verify," that is, to verify if the flash drives can be read without errors after data is copied.  The duplicator weighs in at 3.2 ounces (.2 lbs), and its dimensions are 7.5 x 1.5 x .8 inches, so it should be able to fit easily into most laptop bags without trouble. The USB Copy Cruiser Mini is available now for about $315 from Aleratec and select resellers and partners.  

Tips for Finding a Dependable New York Plumber

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Tips for Finding a Dependable New York Plumber
 

Plumbing is an essential service that must be provided for any apartment, home or office. But it’s usually a complicated affair requiring specialized knowledge and tools, so it’s best to opt for a professional plumbing contractor. If you live in the metropolitan New York area, there are many reputable NYC plumbers. Here are some tips on how to choose the best New York plumbing contractor for your needs.

Choose a Professional


Always opt for a professional NYC plumbing company rather than contacting an amateur. A freelancer is independent and does not come with the professionalism or accountability of an established company. In addition, the technicians hired by these plumbing agencies are highly skilled with advanced expertise and skill in the field. A local freelancer is usually not as qualified. Moreover, most plumbing companies employ a large staff that can handle several clients at a time.

License


 The license is given only if a plumbing company is able to prove its credibility and validity to the state. It’s smart to choose NYC plumbing company with such a license. The company must also provide a warranty period and insurance cover to protect you from any liability in case a worker is hurt on your property.

Emergency Service

Your chosen New York plumber should offer 24-hour emergency service. There are many New York plumbing agencies who offer tips when a severe emergency strikes, such as how to switch off the main valve off during floods. Also check their pattern of emergency response time. There should be live representatives to help you, rather than only an answering machine.


Compare

 

Browse the Internet to make a short list of several plumbing contractors in the New York City area. It helps to make a comparison between their prices, job patterns and work conditions to strike a deal more effectively.


Check References & BBB

Ask for a reference list of your potential plumber’s customers and contact many of them. Inquire on the job done by the company, their efficiency, level of customer care, price range and degree of client contentment. It helps to assess the company’s reliability and efficiency. Visit the Better Business Bureau website to check the proportion of customer complaints against the plumber. If a certain plumbing company seems to be plagued with many grievances, you may decide to shift your project to another company.

About 3G Technologies

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About 3G

3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunications services fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT — 2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union.[1] Application services include wide-area wireless voice telephone, mobile Internet access, video calls and mobile TV, all in a mobile environment. To meet the IMT-2000 standards, a system is required to provide peak data rates of at least 200 kbit/s. Recent 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbit/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.

The following standards are typically branded 3G:

* the UMTS system, first offered in 2001, standardized by 3GPP, used primarily in Europe, Japan, China (however with a different radio interface) and other regions predominated by GSM 2G system infrastructure. The cell phones are typically UMTS and GSM hybrids. Several radio interfaces are offered, sharing the same infrastructure:



o The original and most widespread radio interface is called W-CDMA.
o The TD-SCDMA radio interface, was commercialised in 2009 and is only offered in China.
o The latest UMTS release, HSPA+, can provide peak data rates up to 56 Mbit/s in the downlink in theory (28 Mbit/s in existing services) and 22 Mbit/s in the uplink.



* the CDMA2000 system, first offered in 2002, standardized by 3GPP2, used especially in North America and South Korea, sharing infrastructure with the IS-95 2G standard. The cell phones are typically CDMA2000 and IS-95 hybrids. The latest release EVDO Rev B offers peak rates of 14.7 Mbit/s downstreams.

The above systems and radio interfaces are based on kindred spread spectrum radio transmission technology. While the GSM EDGE standard ("2.9G"), DECT cordless phones and Mobile WiMAX standards formally also fulfill the IMT-2000 requirements and are approved as 3G standards by ITU, these are typically not branded 3G, and are based on completely different technologies.

A new generation of cellular standards has appeared approximately every tenth year since 1G systems were introduced in 1981/1982. Each generation is characterized by new frequency bands, higher data rates and non backwards compatible transmission technology. The first release of the 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard does not completely fulfill the ITU 4G requirements called IMT-Advanced. First release LTE is not backwards compatible with 3G, but is a pre-4G or 3.9G technology, however sometimes branded "4G" by the service providers. WiMAX is another technology verging on or marketed as 4G.

Variable Speed Drives

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To Know About Variable Speed Drives
 
Drives on the speed of electric motors that operate at the controlled frequency (AC) motor.
Other names for these drives, air conditioning, Micro Drive, and frequency converters.

They are used in industrial applications, such as units of machine tools, elevators, conveyors, pumps.
When the induction motor is the maximum load that is on a couple of times base (about 6 times) the rated current. Since the charge is accelerated, the torque is usually a little and then increases, although the current remains high until the motor reaches full speed.

Then the motor VFD is essentially a low-frequency and voltage to the motor. The first frequency of 2 Hz or less. This low level to avoid high inrush current when the engine is started with a lightweight tool (net) operating the switch. accelerate after the departure of the VFD, and often the stress at a certain speed and on-site to share the load without too much power. This method can usually starts at 150% of rated torque of the motor and the VFD less than 50% of the rated voltage power deserve to grow at the bottom. VFD can be configured to receive constant torque of 150% of full speed attack. Note [16], however, that the engine cooling system is generally not well at low speeds. Therefore, the use of low speed and torque for a long time is not possible to assess, since the engine to overheat. If the continued use of high torque at low speed fan outside is often necessary. The engine manufacturer and / or VFD sets the cooling mode. 



Inverter is in voltage and current for most engines are functioning public services (net) of energy. VFD controller designed to operated at 111 V to 690 V classified as low-voltage devices. Low-voltage switchgear is designed for smaller engines, 0.2 or 1.4 kW (CV), a few megawatts. estimated, for example, the reader is most ACS800 5.6 MW [21]. Medium voltage VFD controllers designed to in 2400 / 4162 operating V (60 Hz), 3.000 V (50 Hz) or 10 kV. In some applications, the transformer in the unit and the medium voltage drop will be placed. Medium voltage drives are designed for smaller engines provide 375 kW or 500 hp or more. Units of medium-voltage rating of more than 7 kV and 5000, or 10,000 miles, it is likely to be exceptional (once) models are considered [22]. 

Medium voltage drives are generally classified as one of the following voltage: 2.3 kV - 3.3 kV - 4 kV - 6 kV - 11 kV
These two, the voltage is usually possible. SN units are typically about 0.3 to 100 MW, but the broad involvement of multiple devices with different technologies.

There are too many travel providers, we propose a supplier of information about the manufacturer of backup and excellent technical support is available. Drives are not cheap to buy, and always worth a look, as some retailers offer discounts up to 20% of the drives .

TOP Ten (10) Fastest Accelerating Cars

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Top Ten Fastest Accelerating Cars

According to Forbes, here are the 10 fastest accelerating cars in the world. For each car, you will  have the number of seconds it needs to accelerate from 0km/h to 100km/h and the price for that speed.

It is just amazing to know that all need less than 4 seconds to reach 100km/h. The fastest needs only 2.5 seconds. You are reading this line,  when you reach the end of it, you will be already at 100km/h !!!

The cheapest one in this list has a price of only ... $70,000. Are you ready to buy one? LOL, me, not.

1. Bugatti Veyron: 2.5 seconds, price: $1.4 Millions




2. SSC Ultimate Aero TT: 2.8 seconds, price: $549,000



3. Saleen S7: 2.8 seconds, price $592,700



4. RUF CTR3: 3.2 seconds, price: $520,000



5. Porsche 911 Turbo: 3.4 seconds, price $122,900



6. Mercedes-Benz SLR 722 Edition: 3.5 seconds, price $482,750



7. Ferrari 599 GTB Fiorano: 3.6 seconds, price $280,295




8. Chevrolet Corvette Z06: $3.7 seconds, price $70,000



9. Lamborghini Gallardo Coupe: 3.9 seconds, price $178,550



10. Dodge Viper SRT-10: 3.9 seconds, price: $90,000




Variable Speed Drives

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 Know About Variable Speed Drives

Drives on the speed of electric motors that operate at the controlled frequency (AC) motor.
Other names for these drives, air conditioning, Micro Drive, and frequency converters.

They are used in industrial applications, such as units of machine tools, elevators, conveyors, pumps.
When the induction motor is the maximum load that is on a couple of times base (about 6 times) the rated current. Since the charge is accelerated, the torque is usually a little and then increases, although the current remains high until the motor reaches full speed. 



Then the motor VFD is essentially a low-frequency and voltage to the motor. The first frequency of 2 Hz or less. This low level to avoid high inrush current when the engine is started with a lightweight tool (net) operating the switch. accelerate after the departure of the VFD, and often the stress at a certain speed and on-site to share the load without too much power. This method can usually starts at 150% of rated torque of the motor and the VFD less than 50% of the rated voltage power deserve to grow at the bottom. VFD can be configured to receive constant torque of 150% of full speed attack. Note [16], however, that the engine cooling system is generally not well at low speeds. Therefore, the use of low speed and torque for a long time is not possible to assess, since the engine to overheat. If the continued use of high torque at low speed fan outside is often necessary. The engine manufacturer and / or VFD sets the cooling mode.
Inverter is in voltage and current for most engines are functioning public services (net) of energy. VFD controller designed to operated at 111 V to 690 V classified as low-voltage devices. Low-voltage switchgear is designed for smaller engines, 0.2 or 1.4 kW (CV), a few megawatts. estimated, for example, the reader is most ACS800 5.6 MW [21]. Medium voltage VFD controllers designed to in 2400 / 4162 operating V (60 Hz), 3.000 V (50 Hz) or 10 kV. In some applications, the transformer in the unit and the medium voltage drop will be placed. Medium voltage drives are designed for smaller engines provide 375 kW or 500 hp or more. Units of medium-voltage rating of more than 7 kV and 5000, or 10,000 miles, it is likely to be exceptional (once) models are considered [22].
Medium voltage drives are generally classified as one of the following voltage: 2.3 kV - 3.3 kV - 4 kV - 6 kV - 11 kV
These two, the voltage is usually possible. SN units are typically about 0.3 to 100 MW, but the broad involvement of multiple devices with different technologies. 


There are too many travel providers, we propose a supplier of information about the manufacturer of backup and excellent technical support is available. Drives are not cheap to buy, and always worth a look, as some retailers offer discounts up to 20% of the drives .


































Acura TL

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2007 Acura TL

  For 2007, the Acura TL's peripheral has been updated to enhance its emotional and athletic impact. With the introduction of the Type-S, visual cues were incorporated to distinguish it from other TLs. All the updates were done while maintaining the high build quality, durability and resale value that Acura buyers expect.

    The TL was designed to represent belligerence and power, agility and endurance. Designers began with the stance of the vehicle-how it looks and sits on its suspension. They worked towards a look of poise, with a promise of dexterity and power. The contrast of muscular tension and angular lines flows through the sheet metal, with its long wheelbase, short front and rear overhangs and wide track setting the tone.

    The 2004 TL design team were, in part, influenced by "Bauhaus" styling theme. Founded in 1919, Bauhaus was the first and most famous German design house. Bauhaus set a template for European design with the now-famous maxim, "Form follows function." That classic design logic meshes well with already established Acura design philosophies.

    With the updates for 2007, the style could more strictly be called "Bauhaus with outlook." Careful attention was paid to give the Type-S its own distinctive and even more aggressive look. Black chrome trim used around the car is an outstanding example of the distinction between the TL and the Type-S.

    The design features and changes include:

    Front

    * Aggressive front fascia, a new larger grille opening, larger "A" mark and honeycomb mesh
    * Redesigned bumper with satin chrome crossbar and horizontal trim
    * New headlight clusters with daytime running lights (DRL) on innermost lens
    * New auto-on and auto-off headlights (previously auto-off only)
    * Fog lights repositioned from headlight cluster to lower valance

    Side

    * New, split 5-spoke alloy wheels in Blade Silver finish
    * New exterior mirrors with integrated turn signal lights

    Rear

    * New rear bumper design
    * Redesigned LED taillight clusters
    * New italicized TL logo

    Type-S Exclusive Features

    * Black chrome grille trim (satin chrome on TL)
    * Redesigned bumper with black chrome crossbar and horizontal mesh trim
    * Pronounced "splitter" lip on front valance
    * 10-spoke alloy wheels in Dark Euro Silver
    * Smoked rear side marker lights
    * Wider, more aggressive side sill moldings
    * Exclusive rear bumper with trunk lid spoiler diffuser
    * Redesigned and unique lower valance
    * Large diameter quad exhaust finishers
    * Black chrome taillight trim
    * New Type-S logo

    Interior

    The Acura tradition of interior prestige and tailored function continues with an elegant and sporty interior for the TL. The instruments and controls are arranged to create an intimate and functional driver's cockpit that offers a feeling of connection and control. With its higher belt line, the TL has a substantial look and feel. Fine interior resources such as leather trimmed seats and real metal trim combine with close attention to detail and finish to give the TL a tangible feeling of elegance. The large interior has stylish and highly supportive seating and generous front and rear headroom.

    The long TL standard feature list includes items like the first North American application of a standard Sound System with 6-disc CD, DVD-Audio, DTS(R) and Dolby(R) Pro Logic(R) II audio system that takes advantage of the latest technology to deliver sound resolution that's 500 times higher than conformist CD audio. XM(R) Satellite radio is also on the standard equipment list, as is a new MP3 player jack in the center armrest storage bin. The standard Acura HandsFreeLink(TM) system lets the driver dial a Bluetooth(TM)enabled mobile phone by voice, while a new, higher-resolution Multi-Information Display (MID) shows mobile phone data, tracks the car's maintenance needs, displays warnings and offers an array of driver preference settings. The available Acura Navigation System with Voice Recognition has a large 8-inch display with a new, redesigned interface and AcuraLink(TM) satellite communication system with Real-Time Traffic.

    All TLs receive many updates to their interiors for the 2007 model year. Instrumentation, leather trim, accent trim and Active Noise Cancellation in the Type-S are all part of the driving experience of the 2007 TL.

    Additionally, there are distinct styling differences between the TL and Type-S models. In addition to red ambient lighting (instead of the blue on TL models) the Type-S receives carbon fiber trim in place of wood, paddle shifters on automatic-equipped models, more highly bolstered front seats, stainless steel sport pedals, contrast stitching on the door panels, seats and steering wheel, and an available 6-speed manual transmission.

    Styling

The TL interior has a dynamic and distinctive look, yet upholds the longstanding Acura tradition of highly functional driving environment. Given the sharp handling agility and power built into the TL, its interior echoes a clear sporting message. Fine details and rich surface finishes make it clear that the TL has not strayed from its luxury roots. Sweeping aluminum-alloy accents with a new pattern for 2007 wrap around the doors, flow onto the instrument panel and dive down the center console. Wood patterned accents warm the interior in the TL, while Type-S models have carbon fiber-look accents and contrast stitching on the door panels, seats and steering wheel, which creates an edgy look.

    At night, the TL interior is transformed by new ambient lighting. The TL is bathed in a subtle blue light that coordinates with the instrumentation lighting, switchgear, and accent lighting, including the new footwell lighting. On the Type-S, red lighting replaces the blue, reinforcing its role as the enthusiast model.

    Driver-Oriented Cockpit

    The TL interior puts all important systems and controls within easy reach of the driver. The systems used most frequently-audio, cruise control, Acura HandsFreeLink(TM) and Acura Navigation System with Voice Recognition(TM)-have satellite controls positioned on the new 3-spoke steering wheel, leather-wrapped on Type-S. The new instrumentation is backlit and easy to read, and the displays have an orderly look and intuitive operation. The Multi-Info Display has been redesigned with higher resolution for better readability. Helpful features make driving easier, like power rearview mirrors that can be set to automatically tilt-down when reverse is engaged to make parking simpler.

    With a driver's 8-way power seat and a tilt/telescoping steering column, it's easy to get comfortable in the TL. The one-touch moonroof switch is located in the overhead console. The Sequential SportShift selector features an intuitive interface for ease of use. The short-throw, close ratio 6-speed manual gearbox falls naturally to hand, and the shift knob and console-mounted parking brake lever are covered in a new textured leather. There is also a bottom-hinged throttle pedal with a more linear feel and natural motion. The Type-S features sporty-looking stainless steel pedals and a new carbon fiber-look automatic transmission transfer knob in addition to the steering wheel-mounted paddle shifters.

    Safety

    The 2007 TL and TL Type-S were developed to help protect its occupants with a comprehensive array of safety technologies, high-grade materials and advanced construction techniques.

    Weight sensors are incorporated in the front passenger seat to determine the total weight on that seat. If it is less than 65 pounds (as if occupied by a small child or car seat) the front airbag will not deploy and a warning message appears on the instrument panel. For the driver, a position sensor in the seat determines how the airbag will be deployed in the event of a frontal collision. If the seat is close to its forwardmost position, the front airbag is designed to deploy in the dual-stage mode. Otherwise, the airbag deploys in either single or dual-stage mode based on the severity of the collision and seat belt use.

    The TL and TL Type-S also feature modifiable rear outboard head restraints, and standard side curtain airbags. These technologies, and the use of high-tensile steel in critical areas and computer-modeled crush zones, help to ensure a high level of passenger protection. The TL passed the toughest government safety tests with a 5-star frontal rating in addition to achieving a "GOOD" rating in all categories evaluated during the IIHS frontal offset collision. The TL safety equation even extends to pedestrians with structural elements designed to reduce the possibility of serious injury in a collision.

    Powertrain

    Two engines are available for the 2007 TL. Under the hood of the TL is an all-aluminum 3.2-liter V-6 with 24 valves and Acura's VTEC(R) - Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control system. It delivers 258 horsepower and 233 lb-ft of torque.

    The TL Type-S is powered by a modified version of the 3.5-liter VTEC V-6 found in the Acura RL. With more displacement than the TL engine and a high-flow exhaust system, it boasts 286 horsepower and 256 lb-ft of torque.

    Both engines benefit from Acura's groundbreaking VTEC system. This patented technology provides an exceptionally flat torque curve, enhancing high-rpm horsepower without sacrificing low-end torque. The result is an engine with excellent responsiveness at all engine speeds.

    The standard transmission in the TL and TL Type-S is an all-new electronically controlled 5-speed automatic. Developed from the RL's 5-speed automatic, this communication has more torque capacity that the one it replaces, but more compact. It also features Acura's Sequential SportShift system. Inspired by Formula One(R) racecars, Sequential SportShift gives the driver the flexibility of a self-shifting automatic or the control of a manual. The system has been reprogrammed this year for smoother operation and superior gear holding capabilities. In addition, the TL Type-S "rev matches" during manually selected downshifts.

    Available on Type-S models is a smooth-shifting 6-speed close-ratio manual transmission. Similar to the manual transmission on the 2006 TL, it features a re-designed bellhousing and improved clutch feel for smoother, more linear engagement.

    With Acura's unwavering commitment to the environment, both TL engines meet strict CARB LEV-II ULEV standards. In addition, cold-start emissions are improved thanks to the close-coupled catalytic converter system and under-floor catalyst.

    TL Engine

    * 3.2-liter SOHC V-6 aluminum alloy engine
    * 258 hp at 6200 rpm and 233 lb-ft of torque at 5000 rpm
    * Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control (VTEC(R))
    * Dual-stage induction system with lightweight magnesium intake manifold
    * Cold-air intake system
    * Computer-controlled Programmed Fuel Injection (PGM-FI)
    * Direct ignition system
    * Compact in-head exhaust manifolds
    * High flow close-coupled catalytic converters plus under floor catalytic converter
    * High capacity 32-bit RISC processor engine control unit
    * 105,000 mile tune-up intervals

    TL Type-S Engine

    * 3.5-liter SOHC V-6 aluminum alloy engine
    * 286 hp at 6200 rpm and 256 lb-ft of torque at 5000 rpm
    * Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control (VTEC(R))
    * Dual-stage induction system with lightweight magnesium intake manifold
    * Cold-air intake system
    * High flow, sport tuned exhaust system with quad finishers
    * Computer-controlled Programmed Fuel Injection (PGM-FI)
    * Direct ignition system
    * Compact in-head exhaust manifolds
    * High flow close-coupled catalytic converters plus under floor catalytic converter
    * High capacity 32-bit RISC processor engine control unit
    * 105,000 mile tune-up intervals

    5-Speed Automatic Transmission

    * All-new compact design w/ high torque capacity
    * More compact design
    * Sequential SportShift re-programmed to allow earlier, more positive downshifts and upshifts (Type-S only)
    * Improved coordination between Drive-by-Wire(TM) throttle system and transmission for smoother shifts
    * Steering wheel-mounted F1(R)-style Sequential SportShift Paddle Shifters (Type-S only)
    * External transmission fluid cooler (Type-S only)
    * Advanced shift-hold control limits up-shifts during spirited driving
    * Advanced Grade Logic Control System reduces gear "hunting" when driving on steep hills
    * Linear solenoid direct-acting control reduces shift shock and improves smoothness
    * Lockup torque converter design for superior fuel economy

    6-Speed Manual Transmission (TL Type-S only)

    * Close ratio spacing for maximum presentation
    * Multi-cone synchronizers (first through fourth gears)
    * Reverse lock-out feature prevents accidental engagement
    * Lightweight high-pressure-cast aluminum-alloy transmission housing
    * Improved clutch feel for smoother engagement
    * Advanced clutch torsion mechanism reduces gear noise
    * Helical gear limited-slip differential reduces wheel spin and maximizes acceleration

    Emissions/Fuel Economy

    * Meets CARB LEV-II ULEV standard
    * TL EPA fuel economy 20/29 mpg (city/highway)
    * TL Type-S EPA fuel economy 19/28 mpg (AT) and 20/29 (MT)
    * High flow close-coupled catalytic converters plus under floor catalytic converter
    * High capacity 32-bit RISC processor engine control unit

    Noise Vibration and Harshness (NVH)

    * Highly rigid aluminum-alloy block with cast-in iron tube liners
    * 60-degree V-angle for inherently smooth operation
    * Dual-mass flywheel (6 MT) reduces driveline noise and vibration
    * Automatically tensioned, maintenance-free serpentine accessory drive

2011 Toyota Tundra Review

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2011 Toyota Tundra Review
What's New for 2011

The lineup of Toyota Tundra pickups has been streamlined to include fewer configurations for 2011, while the base V6 gains variable valve timing and some 34 horsepower to go with it. Trailer sway control is now standard on all Tundras.


Introduction

The 2011 Toyota Tundra practically screams "one tough truck." After all, it's built in Texas, named after an Arctic biome where only moss can grow, and sold by a company renowned for dependable vehicles. This perception isn't merely lip service, as this full-size pickup has proven it has the guts to stand up to the established American players in the pickup segment in many of the tests has conducted over the years.

Last year the Tundra got even tougher when its midgrade V8 was replaced with a more robust 4.6-liter mill that offered not only substantially more horsepower but also better fuel economy. With this addition, getting the top-shelf 5.7-liter V8 is no longer a must for a prospective Tundra buyer -- though it's certainly a nice luxury to have, especially if heavy towing is frequently in order. On the opposite end of the powertrain lineup, Toyota has upgraded the base V6 engine for 2011 with variable valve timing and an additional 34 horses. The resulting 270 hp still isn't enough to outdo the base engines in the Chevy Silverado and Ford F-150, though fuel economy is pretty good.

Beyond its powertrains, the Toyota Tundra stands out thanks to its passenger-friendly cabins. The extended Double Cab features traditional front-hinged doors, making day-to-day usability easier than Chevy and Ford trucks with the more traditional reverse-opening access doors. The Tundra CrewMax, meanwhile, is truly enormous, featuring class-leading legroom and a rear seat that not only slides but reclines as well. Apart from the Tundra's sometimes jiggly, over-sprung ride quality, the CrewMax could easily pull double-duty as a ranch limo.

The Tundra is getting on in years now, and the newer Dodge Ram 1500 and Ford F-150 have surpassed it in a number of areas. In particular, the Ram's coil-spring rear suspension gives it a relatively luxurious ride, while the Ford's new engine lineup and many innovative features make it the cutting-edge choice among pickup trucks. But the 2011 Toyota Tundra continues to be one tough truck -- especially for towing -- and it has set the standard that Detroit's offerings are hoping to meet.
Body Styles, Trim Levels, and Options

The 2011 Toyota Tundra is a full-size pickup available in two trims (Tundra and Tundra Limited), three cab styles (regular, extended Double Cab and crew-cab CrewMax), three wheelbases and three bed lengths. Not all attributes are available together, and the availability of options often depends on the region in which you live.

Standard equipment on the base Tundra includes 18-inch steel wheels, a damped tailgate, dual-zone air-conditioning, 40/20/40 split bench seat, a tilt steering wheel and a four-speaker sound system with a CD player and an auxiliary audio jack. The Double Cab adds keyless entry, full power accessories, intermittent windshield wipers, cruise control, an eight-way adjustable driver seat and six speakers. All but the speakers are optional on the regular cab as part of the SR5 package. The CrewMax gains a vertical sliding rear window and a sliding/reclining rear seat.

Options on the base Tundras include 18-inch alloy wheels, foglamps, heated mirrors, a bed tie-down system and front bucket seats with a center console and a tilt-and-telescoping steering wheel. Also available is an upgraded stereo with satellite radio, an iPod/USB audio interface and Bluetooth phone and audio connectivity, while a JBL version of that stereo is also available with 12 speakers in the CrewMax and 10 speakers in the Double Cab.

These items are all included on the Tundra Limited, which is offered as a Double Cab or CrewMax only. The Limited also gets auto-dimming and power-folding exterior mirrors, upgraded gauges, automatic dual-zone climate control, leather upholstery and front seat adjustable lumbar.

Tow mirrors, a navigation system and a rearview camera are optional on all trims. The CrewMax can be equipped with a rear seat entertainment system, a sunroof and on the Limited, a Platinum package that adds driver memory functions (optional separately), heated and ventilated front seats, wood trim, auto up/down front windows and the navigation system. The TRD Sport package available on base Double Cab models includes 20-inch wheels, color-keyed bumpers, black cloth interior and special badging. The TRD Rock Warrior package available on base Double Cab and CrewMax models includes 17-inch alloy wheels, off-road tires, Bilstein shocks and the Sport package's styling flourishes. The TRD Off-Road package goes one step further with skid plates and front tow hooks.

Finally, a Work Truck package strips the base regular and double cabs of much of their accoutrements and substitutes black bumpers, vinyl upholstery and rubber flooring.
Powertrains and Performance

The 2011 Toyota Tundra is available with rear-wheel or four-wheel drive. The rear-drive regular and double cabs come standard with a 4.0-liter V6 that produces 270 hp and 278 pound-feet of torque. A five-speed automatic transmission is standard. EPA-estimated fuel economy is 16 mpg city/20 mpg highway and 18 mpg in highway driving.

Optional on rear-drive regular and double cabs, and standard on long-bed, CrewMax or 4WD models is a 4.6-liter V8 that produces 310 hp and 327 lb-ft of torque. A six-speed automatic is standard. In testing, a base 4WD Tundra with this engine went from zero to 60 mph in 7.9 seconds. EPA-estimated fuel economy is 14/19/16 with 4WD.


Standard on the Limited and optional on all other Tundras is a 5.7-liter V8 that produces 381 hp and 401 lb-ft of torque. A six-speed automatic is standard. A 4WD Tundra CrewMax with this engine went from zero to 60 mph in 6.9 seconds in testing. EPA-estimated fuel economy is 14/18/16 with 4x2 and 13/17/14 with 4x4. The Tundra's maximum tow rating with the 5.7-liter V8 and the optional tow package is 10,400 pounds.
Safety

Every Toyota Tundra comes standard with antilock brakes (with brake assist), stability and traction control, trailer sway control, front side airbags, side curtain airbags and front knee airbags. In brake testing, a Double Cab 4.6 came to a stop from 60 mph in 134 feet -- a good distance for a full-size truck.

The Tundra has not been rated using the government's new, more strenuous 2011 crash testing procedure. Its 2010 rating (which isn't comparable to the new 2011 tests) of the regular cab was four out of five stars for driver protection and five stars for the front passenger. The driver rating went up to five stars with the Double Cab and CrewMax. The Insurance Institute for Highway Safety gave the Tundra its highest rating of "Good" in the frontal-offset and side impact tests.
Interior Design and Special Features

The 2011 Toyota Tundra's interior has not seen a refresh since this current generation debuted in 2007. In the face of redesigned Dodge and Ford trucks, it just isn't as appealing as it once was. Specific complaints include audio controls that are out of comfortable reach for the driver, gauges that are hard to read and interior materials that now trail the competition in terms of quality. The new Platinum package addresses some of these deficiencies, but for most drivers, the regular interior treatment should suffice.

The regular cab offers comfortable seats as well as a generous amount of interior cargo space. In Double Cabs, the backseat is fully usable for adults and its traditional front-hinged doors are much easier to live with than the rear-hinged clamshell doors of its competitors. The CrewMax, meanwhile, offers the roomiest rear seat of any pickup truck with a limolike 44.5 inches of rear legroom and a reclining seatback.